Gilded Age Etiquette of Stemware Placement

Diagram illustrating how to arrange glasses in a formal table setting from Fanny Gillette, The White House Cook Book: A Selection of Choice Recipes Original and Selected (Chicago: R. S. Peale and Co., 1887), 467, Special Collections, Michigan State University Libraries. — Etiquipedia fails to see how this setting would not simply invite stemware numbered I, II and III to fall to the floor, as the plate is properly placed an inch from the table’s edge. It’s the most confusing diagram we have ever seen for stemware.

Besides the cost of the food itself, another major obstacle to hosting a formal dinner in the Gilded Age was the number of use-specific dishes and utensils thought to be necessary. Wealthy households in this era had mammoth holdings of dishes, cutlery, and glassware. 

Fanny Gillette’s Diagram Illustrating How to Arrange Glasses on the Table at Each Setting

A –  PLATE
I  –   Glass for Sauterne
II –   Glass for Sherry
III–  Glass for Rhine Wine
IV –  Glass for Water
V –   Glass for Champagne
VI –  Glass for Burgundy

Note: Etiquipedia fails to see how this setting would not simply invite stemware numbered I, II and III to fall to the floor, as the plate is properly placed an inch from the table’s edge. It’s the most confusing diagram we have ever seen for stemware. We do often marvel at how graphic artists of that period often get their subjects incorrect when it came to the drawings for patents. It’s possible the artist misunderstood the written directions and the artwork was never checked. We’ll probably never know, however, we do not recommend this as proper placement.

 

— From “Food in the American Gilded Age,” Edited by Helen Zoe Veit

Etiquette Enthusiast, Maura J. Graber, is the Site Editor for the Etiquipedia© Etiquette Encyclopedia

Gilded Age Dining Aesthetics Etiquette

Decorative arrangements of food were the height of fashion at elite tables in the Gilded Age, such as this dish of diced, sugared pineapple surrounded by slices of sponge cake. Henderson recommended this elaborate arrangement not only for its aesthetic value, but also because otherwise she found imported pineapples which often arrived in the American Northeast the worse for wear to be tough and tasteless. From Mrs. Mary F. Henderson, Practical Cooking and Dinner Giving (New York: Harper and Bros., 1877), 339, Special Collections, Michigan State University Libraries

Growing material prosperity meant that some people had the luxury to think more about food's visual aesthetics than ever before. For instance, Mrs. Peter White advised soaking pickles with grape leaves to turn them green, or adding a whopping half pound of turmeric to turn them yellow. Mary Henderson commented that raw oysters served in a block of ice created “a pretty effect in the gas-light.” Food and entertaining writers also obsessed over the importance of a clean, appealing table. “Too much can not be said as to the pleasant effect of a dinner,” Henderson wrote, “when the table-linen is of spotless purity, and the dishes and silver are perfectly bright.” Dietary reformers studying poor American eating eagerly praised one family that, under their influence, began setting their table with a white tablecloth, in contrast to other “slovenly and shiftless” families whose lack of civilization, as reformers saw it, was reflected in their lack of interest “in the appearance of their homes and tables.”

Another aesthetic consideration was noise, and middle-class writers believed the less of it the better. Etiquette writers condemned loud breathing, noisy chewing, and slurping of any kind, and they reminded diners not to clatter their silverware or scrape their chairs. Herrick praised a restaurant for its “noiseless serving,” while Henderson suggested that a thick mat should be placed under the tablecloth to muffle the sound of moving dishes and that servants should wear slippers to minimize the sound of their footfalls. Commentators prized quiet at the table because it indicated that eaters were self-controlled and servants were well trained. — From “Food in the American Gilded Age,” Edited by Helen Zoe Veit

Etiquette Enthusiast, Maura J. Graber, is the Site Editor for the Etiquipedia© Etiquette Encyclopedia